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Housing Element Update - 4 - Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-1 Chapter 4 Housing Resources This Chapter summarizes the resources available for the development, rehabilitation, and preservation of housing in Poway. The analysis includes an evaluation of the adequacy of the City’s land inventory to accommodate Poway’s regional housing needs goals for the 2013-2020 housing cycle . Financial resources available to support housing activities and the administrative resources available to assist in implementing the City’s housing programs are also analyzed in this Chapter. A. Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) Future housing need refers to the share of the regional housing need that has been allocated to Poway. The State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) assigns a numeric regional housing goal to the San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG). State law requires that individual communities play an active role in ensuring that enough housing is available to meet expected population growth in San Diego County. Approximately every eight years, the San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) is authorized to set forth specific goals for the amount of new housing that should be produced in each member jurisdiction over a specified time period, in this case 2013-2020. SANDAG is then mandated to allocate the housing goal to city and county jurisdictions in the region. In allocating the region’s future housing needs to jurisdictions, SANDAG is required to take the following factors into consideration pursuant to Section 65584 of the State Government Code: • Market demand for housing; • Employment opportunities; • Availability of suitable sites and public facilities; • Commuting patterns; • Type and tenure of housing; • Loss of units in assisted housing developments; • Over-concentration of lower income households; and • Geological and topographical constraints. The new Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) for the SANDAG region was adopted in October 2011. This RHNA covers an 11-year planning period (January 2010 through December 2020). The major goal of the RHNA is to assure a fair distribution of housing among cities and counties within the San Diego region, so that every community provides an opportunity for a mix of housing for all economic segments. The housing allocation targets are not building requirements, but goals for each community to accommodate through appropriate planning policies and land use regulations. Allocation targets are intended to assure that adequate sites and zoning are made available to address anticipated housing demand during the planning period. Overall, the region needs to plan for an additional 161,980 units for the 2013-2020 cycle. This number was adopted by SANDAG in conjunction with the Regional Transportation Plan (RTP) in 2011. The allocation is based on the maximum number of affordable housing units/opportunities each jurisdiction can provide given the financial resources and regulatory measures available during the housing element cycle. The City of Poway’s share of regional future housing needs is a total of 1,253 new units representing 0.8 percent of the total regional housing need. The 1,253 units allocated to Poway must be planned for units affordable to all income levels. This allocation is City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-2 distributed into four (4) income categories as shown (Table 4-1). The RHNA includes a fair share adjustment which allocates future (construction) need by each income category in a way that meets the State mandate to reduce the over-concentration of lower income households in one community. The City is not required to build these units, but must show it has sites with adequate zoning and development standards that could accommodate the housing units during the current cycle. Table 4-1 Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) 1/1/2010-12/31/2020 Poway Percent of Total* Region Percent of Total** Total housing units 1,253 100% 161,980 100% Very Low*** 201 16.0% 36,450 22.5% Low 152 12.1% 27,700 17.1% Moderate 282 22.5% 30,610 18.9% Above Moderate 618 49.3% 67,220 41.5% *SANDAG Final RHNA **HCD RHNA Determination ***50% to be Extremely Low Income Note: Income categories are based on Area Median Income (AMI) and include:  Extremely Low Income (less than or equal to 30% of the AMI)  Very Low Income (greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% of the AMI)  Low Income (greater than 50% and less than or equal to 80% of the AMI);  Moderate Income (greater than 80% and less than or equal to 120% of the AMI);  Above-Moderate Income (greater than 120% of the AMI). B. Available Sites for Housing 1. Credits towards the RHNA Since the RHNA uses January 1, 2010, as the baseline for growth projections for the Housing Element planning period of 2013-2020, jurisdictions may count the number of new units built or issued certificates of occupancy since January 1, 2010, toward their RHNA. According to City of Poway’s Building Division data, 162 building permits for new residential housing units (including 52 acquisition/rehabilitation units) were issued since January 1, 2010 as follows:  2010: 90 dwelling units [77 – Brighton Place (31 Very Low and 46 Low); [13 Above Moderate]  2011: 10 dwelling units [10 Above Moderate]  2012: 62 dwelling units [52 - Orange Gardens (26 Very Low and 26 Low); [10 Above Moderate] City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-3 These units will apply as credits toward meeting the RHNA in the 2013-2020 Housing Cycle. Table 4-2 summarizes Poway’s credits and the remaining housing need through December 31, 2020: Table 4-2 RHNA Credits and Remaining Need Income RHNA New Construction Credits (2010-2012) Remaining Need Very Low (<50% AMI) 201 57 144 Low (51-80% AMI) 152 72 80 Moderate (81%-120% AMI) 282 0 282 Above Mod (>120% AMI) 618 33 585 Total 1,253 162 1,091 The New Construction Credits in the above Table 4-2 include the construction of two affordable housing developments. Brighton Place was newly constructed in 2010 and included a total of 77 affordable housing units (31 Very Low Income and 46 Low Income). Orange Gardens, which was previously a market-rate apartment development, was recently converted to a 52 unit affordable housing development (26 Very Low Income and 26 Low Income) through an acquisition/rehabilitation program and is eligible for site credits through the State’s Adequate Site Program Alternative. Over the last several years, affordable housing projects in Poway that have been built include Parkview Terrace, Brookview Village, Hillside Village, Los Arcos Senior Housing and Solara. Recently built projects include Orange Gardens and Brighton Place. These two developments have similar densities to those projects built in previous years. Many of these developments were approved with the Affordable Housing Overlay Zone (AHOZ), which originally allowed up to 25 dwelling units per acre. The densities of the projects described above are listed in Table 4-3 below. Table 4-3 Sample Densities of Constructed Affordable Housing Projects Project Units per Acre Parkview Terrace 20.9 Brookview Village 19 Hillside Village 8.9 * Los Arcos 25 Solara 22.4 Orange Gardens 26 Brighton Place 25.6 *The reduced unit density at Hillside Village compared to the other listed projects was due to the steep topography and habitat preservation requirements of the site. City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-4 2. Residential Sites Inventory Pursuant to State law, the City must show that it has adequate sites with proper zoning and development standards that could accommodate Poway’s regional housing goal identified in Table 4-1. The new Residential Sites Inventory (Table 4-4) table is an important component of the Housing Element Update and lists sites for Very Low Income (includes Extremely Low Income), Low Income and Moderate Income households. The Residential Sites Inventory for Above Moderate Income properties is included as Table 1 in Appendix A. In preparing the inventory, the City completed a thorough analysis of properties in the City. This included conducting a review of vacant and underutilized properties within the City using the City’s Geographic Information System (GIS), County Assessor’s parcel data, aerial photos, and field surveys. The focus of the land inventory was on properties that have the following characteristics:  Vacant residentially zoned sites;  Vacant non-residentially zoned sites that allow residential uses;  Underutilized residentially zoned sites, which may be developed at a higher density; and  Non-residentially zoned sites that could be redeveloped or rezoned for residential use. The focus of the land inventory was targeted on available vacant and underutilized properties zoned residential, mixed use, or commercial that allows residential development, and could accommodate additional housing densities to meet the City’s RHNA. A goal for the identification of Very Low, Low and Moderate Income households was to identify publicly-owned properties as a priority and minimize the number of privately-owned properties in the new Residential Sites Inventory. All of the properties were evaluated in accordance with State law (Government Code Section 65583) and the Adequate Sites Program. The City’s analysis for the sites identified for Very Low, Low and Moderate Income households identified those sites with the greatest potential for multi-family housing development. The sites included in the new Residential Sites Inventory exhibited one or more of the following characteristics on each property:  Owned by the City of Poway or the Poway Housing Authority;  Adequately sized to accommodate multi-family housing (including parcels that could be combined);  Limited amount of physical environmental constraints, including lands with sensitive habitat, wetlands, floodplains, steep topography, and archeological resources;  Accessible to and from the local circulation system and neighborhood community services;  Accessible to water and wastewater lines and other public infrastructure;  Located adjacent to properties with similar densities and could maintain land use compatibility; and  Zoned for or allows residential development. The majority of remaining vacant residential land in the City is within the rural areas and is not appropriate for the higher densities required for moderate, low, or very low income housing units. These properties have significant development constraints such as steep topography, are located within the Habitat Mitigation Area of the PSHCP, have poor access, may not be served by City water as currently planned, are not served by City sewer, and are not located in proximity to transit service or neighborhood commercial services. Many of these properties are also subject to Proposition FF, which would require a vote by the residents of Poway for any density increases in the Rural Residential zones and Open Space zones, or to add residential units in the Business Park (South Poway Specific Plan). Due to these constraints, there is limited vacant land in the City suitable for the development of multi-family housing. City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-5 The new Residential Sites Inventory for Very Low, Low and Moderate Income households identifies the individual properties and includes other parcel information for each property. Of the 28 parcels identified in the inventory, ten (10) of the properties were included in the previous Housing Element Update cycle. Five of those ten are privately-owned and are split among three ownerships. The inventory includes 18 new properties, of which 12 parcels are privately owned; however, the 12 parcels are split among only five ownerships. All of the sites in the inventory are proposed to have an Affordable Housing Overlay Zone (AHOZ) applied on them. Six (6) of the sites already have an AHOZ. Table 4-4 shows the Assessor’s Parcel Number, zoning, owner and/or current use, address or location, anticipated number of dwelling units per acre, and total unit capacity per income category for each parcel. The “Net Acreage” field in Table 4-4 refers to the amount of land on the parcel which does not have physical constraints that prevent devel opment from occurring. The physical land constraints include presence within the floodway, presence of easements and/or right-of-ways, or steep slopes. The “Parcel” field in Table 4-4 refers to the number representing each individual parcel in Figures 4-1 through 4-7. The new Residential Sites Inventory list for Above Moderate Income households is identified in Table 1 of Appendix A. This list identifies mainly vacant land within a variety of residentially- zoned areas including Rural Residential-A (RR-A), Rural Residential-B (RR-B), Rural Residential-C (RR-C), Residential Single Family-1 (RS-1), Residential Single Family-2 (RS-2), Residential Single Family-3 (RS-3), Residential Single Family-4 (RS-4) and Residential Single Family-7 (RS-7). There are some properties on the list that are zoned Planned Community (PC), Planned Residential Development (PRD), Residential Condominium (RC) and Open Space – 1 Dwelling Unit (OS-1DU). These zoning districts all allow residential uses. Overall this inventory has the capacity to accommodate the 618 Above Moderate Income units required by the RHNA. City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-6 Table 4-4 Residential Sites Inventory (Land Available for Very-Low, Low, and Moderate Income Housing Units) Site Parcel APN Location Owner Site Acres Zoning/Land Use/Density (Existing) Income Category/Overlay Zone TOTAL Gr o s s Ne t Zo n e /L a n d Us e De s i g n a t i o n Un i t s / Ac r e Po t e n t i a l Un i t s Ta r g e t De n s i t y Ve r y L o w Un i t s Lo w U n i t s Mo d U n i t s Ab o v e Mo d U n i t s Ov e r l a y Ap p l i e d Park and Ride 1 3144346600 Community/Twin Peaks CITY OF POWAY 6.77 2.00 RS-7 8 16 8-12 0 0 16 0 Existing 16 Twin Peaks 2 3211902800 Twin Peaks west of Espola POWAY HOUSING AUTHORITY 2.15 1.80 RS-4 4 8 12-20 0 0 22 0 Existing 22 Monte Vista North 3 2754606100 Monte Vista Rd. POWAY HOUSING AUTHORITY 2.06 2.06 CO 25 51 20-30 0 41 0 0 Existing 41 Community Business (Town Center) 4 3174906900 12941 Poway Rd. (Poway Fun Bowl) POWAY ENTERTAINMENT CO. LLC 2.21 1.64 CB 12-20 19-32 30 0 0 49 0 Future 49 Mixed Use South (Town Center) 5 3174905700 12957-63 Poway Rd. (car rent/RV) DARR, RICHARD M TRUST 1.24 0.93 MU 12-20 11-18 30 0 0 28 0 Future 28 Mixed Use South (Town Center) 6 3174720100 13021-25 Poway Rd. POWAY HOUSING AUTHORITY 2.60 2.00 MU 12-20 24-20 20-30 0 40 0 0 Existing 40 Mixed Use North 7 3171010300 13036 Poway Rd. (wood lot) DARR, RICHARD M TRUST 0.44 0.33 MU 12-20 4-6 30 0 0 10 0 Future 10 Mixed Use North 8 3171010400 13044 Poway Rd. (Rental) O'CONNER, MANN, WRIGHT 1.34 1.00 MU 12-20 12-20 30 0 0 30 0 Future 30 Mixed Use North 9 3171010500 13056 Poway Rd. (Rental) O' CONNER, MANN, WRIGHT 0.92 0.69 MU 12-20 8-13 30 0 0 21 0 Future 21 County Yard 10 3171521400 12341 Oak Knoll Rd. POWAY HOUSING AUTHORITY 3.18 2.20 CB 12-20 44 24-30 54 0 0 0 Existing 54 Mixed Use North (Tarascan) 11 3171010600 13100 Poway Rd. CITY OF POWAY 1.54 1.54 MU 12-20 30 22-30 34 0 0 0 Future 34 Mixed Use South (Town Center) 12 3174721800 13033 Poway Rd. CITY OF POWAY 1.83 1.83 MU 12-20 22-37 22-30 40 0 0 0 Future 40 Mixed Use South (Town Center) 13 3174722400 13053 Poway Rd. CITY OF POWAY 0.33 0.33 MU 12-20 4-6 30 7 0 0 0 Future 7 Mixed Use South (Town Center) 14 3174720600 13031 Poway Rd. POWAY HOUSING AUTHORITY 0.31 0.31 MU 12-20 4-6 30 0 4 0 0 Existing 4 (Table continued on the next page) City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-7 Table 4-4 (continued) Site Parcel APN Location Owner Site Acres Zoning/Land Use/Density (Existing) Income Category/Overlay Zone TOTAL Gr o s s Ne t Zo n e /L a n d Us e De s i g n a t i o n Un i t s / Ac r e Po t e n t i a l Un i t s Ta r g e t De n s i t y Ve r y L o w Un i t s Lo w U n i t s Mo d U n i t s Ab o v e Mo d U n i t s Ov e r l a y Ap p l i e d Mixed Use South (Town Center) 15 3174722500 13029 Poway Rd. CITY OF POWAY 0.29 0.29 MU 12-20 5 30 9 0 0 0 Future 9 Mixed Use South (Town Center) 16 3174906800 12947 Poway Rd. LG ENTERPRISES POWAY 0.69 0.69 CB 12-20 10 12-20 0 0 10 0 Future 10 Oak Knoll Rd. 17 3175001000 0 Oak Knoll Rd. (12702) HARMON FAMILY TRUST B 07-02-90 1.33 1.33 RS-7 8 10 8-12 0 0 11 0 Future 11 Oak Knoll Rd. 18 3175000200 0 Oak Knoll Rd. (12702) HARMON FAMILY TRUST B 07-02-90 1.36 1.36 RS-7 8 10 8-12 0 0 11 0 Future 11 Oak Knoll Rd. 19 3175000900 0 Oak Knoll Rd. (12702) HARMON FAMILY TRUST B 07-02-90 1.45 1.45 RS-7 8 11 8-12 0 0 12 0 Future 12 Oak Knoll Rd. 20 3175000300 0 Oak Knoll Rd. (12702) HARMON FAMILY TRUST B 07-02-90 1.36 1.36 RS-7 8 11 8-12 0 0 11 0 Future 11 Oak Knoll Rd. 21 3175001200 0 Oak Knoll Rd. (12702) HARMON FAMILY TRUST B 07-02-90 0.99 0.50 RS-7 8 4 8-12 0 0 4 0 Future 4 Oak Knoll Rd. 22 3175001400 12702 Oak Knoll Rd. HARMON FAMILY TRUST B 07-02-90 1.00 1.00 RS-7 8 8 8-12 0 0 10 0 Future 10 Oak Knoll Rd. 23 3175001300 12650 Oak Knoll Rd. HARMON FAMILY TRUST B 07-02-90 0.80 0.80 RS-7 8 6 8-12 0 0 9 0 Future 9 Oak Knoll Rd. 24 3175001100 12624 Oak Knoll Rd. HARMON FAMILY TRUST B 07-02-90 0.99 0.99 RS-7 8 8 8-12 0 0 9 0 Future 9 Espola @ Twin Peaks 25 3211903100 14530 Espola Rd. (Soccer Site) 14530 ESPOLA LLC 4.85 2.20 RS-4 4 8 8-12 0 0 10 0 Future 10 Midland @ Hilleary Pl. 26 3171224200 13505 Midland Rd. JACKSON DONNA L 1.00 1.00 CO 12-20 15 8-12 0 0 9 0 Future 9 Constructed Projects Orange Gardens 27 3175406900 12510 Oak Knoll Rd. POWAY FAMILY HOUSING PARTNERS, LLC 1.98 1.98 RA 12-20 55 30 26 26 0 0 -- 52 Brighton Place 28 3142206900 3142207000 14045 Brighton Ave. POWAY HOUSING AUTHORITY 3.97 3.97 RA 12-20 48-79 22 31 46 0 0 -- 77 TOTAL 201 157 282 --- -- 640 2013-2020 RHNA 201 152 282 618 -- 1,253 City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-8 FIGURE 4-1 LAND INVENTORY (SITE 1) City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-9 FIGURE 4-2 LAND INVENTORY (SITES 2 & 25 ) City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-10 FIGURE 4-3 LAND INVENTORY (SITE 3) City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-11 FIGURE 4-4 LAND INVENTORY (SITES 4-9 & 11-16) City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-12 FIGURE 4-5 LAND INVENTORY (SITES 10, 17-24 and 27) City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-13 FIGURE 4-6 LAND INVENTORY (SITE 26) City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-14 FIGURE 4-7 LAND INVENTORY (SITE 28) City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-15 3. Realistic Density Calculation Sites for Very Low, Low and Moderate Income Housing All of the properties identified in Table 4-4 allow residential development. The assessment of each of the sites contained later in this section is a response to the State requirements for site analysis. Because the City of Poway and the Poway Housing Authority control several of the sites in the Table, it is expected that the maximum feasible unit yields will be met. As is shown in the site inventory analysis later in this section, the City can meet the Housing Element requirements with the current site inventory as proposed. The Housing Element Update identifies a maximum density of 30 dwelling units per acre for some of the very low, low and moderate income sites. The City will utilize the site plan evaluation completed for the Solara affordable housing project, built in 2007, as a realistic density calculation tool, which is representative of the other properties in the inventory. The Solara site is irregular in shape, but has good access and did not require additional dedications for public improvements. Solara was constructed at a net density of 22.4 dwelling units per acre, with a height limit of 35 feet within 2 stories, lot coverage of 50%, reduced setbacks, and a reduced parking ratio of 1.6 spaces per unit. Similar concept designs were prepared in past years on other affordable housing sites identified in the previous Housing Element utilizing modified development standards similar to Solara. Placement of AHOZs on the sites will allow a maximum density of 30 units per acre, which will allow the potential of reduced development standards to achieve that density. In addition, the City will continue to evaluate establishing standards for residential development in the MU, TC, and CO zones. The City will amend the zoning ordinance to establish development standards for mixed use projects in each of these zones to facilitate the conversion of commercial sites to commercial and residential (see Program 16 in Chapter 6). The sites listed in Table 4-4 represent a realistic unit yield for the reasons summarized below:  The majority of the sites identified are infill properties with access to existing public infrastructure (streets, sewer, water, etc.). The others are vacant and may need sewer and water service line extensions.  While individual environmental review will be conducted prior to development of each site, some of the sites listed have environmental constraints that would limit the unit yield.  As an added incenti ve, the AHOZ den sities of up to 30 dwelling units per acre would be allowed on the properties that allow mixed use development. It is highly likely that the highest economic potential will be residential development as part of a mixed use development given the scarcity of vacant land in Poway as well as the San Diego region that would support multi-family development. Sites for Above Moderate Income Housing Consistent with HCD Guidelines, methodology for determining realistic capacity on each identified site must account for land use controls and site improvements. The Residential Sites Inventory for Above Moderate Income, Table 1 in Appendix A, utilizes a conservative estimate to City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-16 demonstrate realistic capacity for development in residential zones. This estimate is based on existing patterns of development in residential areas and was derived using analysis of densities on properties in residential areas. Most residential zone districts in Poway establish a maximum range of allowable density. For example, density within the R-4 zone has a maximum of four (4) dwelling units per acre. For purposes of calculating the realistic capacity of sites in Table 1 of Appendix A, Residential Sites Inventory for Above Moderate Income, the maximum allowable density was used in these districts but site constraints were also considered. 4. Site Analysis Site 1 (Park and Ride) This site is zoned Residential Single Family (RS-7). This site is vacant and owned by the City of Poway. This site was identified for affordable housing in the previous Housing Element. The site is located adjacent to other residential neighborhoods.  Environmental Constraints: None  Existing and Planned Infrastructure Capacity: The site is vacant, but is considered an infill property that is surrounded by residential development. Water and sewer will be extended at the time of construction.  Method used to calculate Realistic Capacity: The existing RS-7 zone allows for up to 8 dwelling units per acre. While the site is over 6 acres in size, 2 net acres was used to calculate the unit yield due to the irregular shape of the parcel and the fact that a portion of the property is located within City right-of- way. An AHOZ was placed on the site in 2012, which allows for up to 30 dwelling units per acre. This site is targeted for 16 Moderate Income affordable housing dwelling units. Site 2 (Twin Peaks) This site is zoned Residential Single Family (RS-4). This site was identified for affordable housing in the previous Housing Element. This site is vacant and is owned by the Poway Housing Authority.  Environmental Constraints: Approximately 0.38 acres of the 2.15 acre site is located within a flood plain. As a result, approximately 1.8 acres is developable. The site is a current brownfield site and has an active remediation process associated with it.  Existing and Planned Infrastructure Capacity: The site is an infill property that is surrounded by development. Water and sewer will be extended at the time of construction.  Method used to calculate Realistic Capacity: It is anticipated that this site would be developed with moderate income housing at a density of 12-20 dwelling units per acre which is comparable to the City’s density for townhome/condominium developments that have been built in the City. A net acreage of 1.8 acres, which excludes the area in the flood plain, was used to City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-17 calculate the density. An AHOZ was placed on the site in 2012. This site is targeted for 22 Moderate Income affordable housing dwelling units. Site 3 (Monte Vista) This site is zoned Commercial office (CO). This site was identified for affordable housing in the previous Housing Element. This vacant site is owned by the Poway Housing Authority. Predevelopment planning of this site had occurred and an Exclusive Negotiating Agreement (ENA) had been completed, but since expired.  Environmental Constraints: None  Existing and Planned Infrastructure Capacity: The site is an infill property that is surrounded by office, hospital and residential uses. Water and sewer will be extended at the time of construction.  Method used to calculate Realistic Capacity: The capacity assumptions take into account the development standards that have been approved on previousl y built affordable housing projects within the City. As discussed earlier in this section under Realistic Density Calculation, a maximum density of 30 dwelling units could be met with a portion of the project at 3 stories or 35 feet in height and with underground parking. A targeted density range of 20-30 units per acre is proposed for this site. An AHOZ was placed on the site in 2012. This site is targeted for 41 Low Income affordable housing dwelling units. Sites 4 and 5 (Community Business/Mixed Use South - Town Center Planning Area) These parcels are located within the Town Center Planning Area (Figure 4-7). Site 4 is zoned Community Business (CB) and contains an existing Bowling Alley. Site 5 is zoned Mixed Use and contains an existing Recreational Vehicle storage and a car rental business. These sites were identified for affordable housing in the previous Housing Element. Both properties are privately owned. Both properties are considered underutilized with the current land uses on them. Within the past several years, Poway has experienced significant interest from development teams interested in acquiring properties that allow mixed use development for the purpose of building multi-family housing. The opportunity for mixed use development in the commercial areas of Poway was established in the mid 1990’s in response to economic studies that showed the amount of commercially zoned land on Poway Road exceeds the retail demand of the local population. There is limited infill retail potential along Poway Road due to small size lots, irregular parcel configurations and ingress/egress issues. Because of these geographic constraints these properties do not yield enough contiguous developable property to meet the demands of many types of commercial developments. The demand to re-develop underutilized commercial properties with multi-family residential has increased significantly due to the lack of residential land in the region. Site 4, which is zoned Community Business, allows mixed use development including residential uses. The adjacent Site 5 is zoned Mixed Use and also allows for residential uses. Both sites are located immediately to the west of other sites discussed below.  Environmental Constraints: None. Both properties are currently developed and are considered infill properties appropriate for conversion to residential uses. City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-18  Existing and Planned Infrastructure Capacity: Both sites are infill properties surrounded by developed parcels. Water and sewer is currently provided to both sites and both have good access off of a major arterial, Poway Road.  Method used to calculate Realistic Capacity: The capacity assumptions for these properties take into account the development standards that have been approved on previously built affordable housing projects within the City. As part of this Housing Element Update, these sites are proposed for AHOZs to be applied to allow densities of up to 30 dwelling units per acre. Site 4 is targeted for 49 Moderate Income units and Site 5 is targeted for 28 Moderate Income dwelling units. Figure 4-8 Town Center Planning Area City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-19 Site 6 (Mixed Use South/Town Center Planning Area) This site is zoned Mixed Use (MU), which allows for residential uses. This site was identified for affordable housing in the previous Housing Element. This vacant site is owned by the Poway Housing Authority . I t is also located within the Town Center Planning Area.  Environmental Constraints: None. While currently vacant, the property was previously developed.  Existing and Planned Infrastructure Capacity: This property is an infill parcel and is surrounded by developed parcels. Water and sewer is currently provided to both sites and both have good access off of a major arterial, Poway Road.  Method used to calculate Realistic Capacity: The capacity assumptions take into account the development standards that have been approved on previously built affordable housing projects within the City. An AHOZ was placed on the site in 2012 allowing up to a maximum of 30 dwelling units per acre. A targeted density range of 20-30 units per acre is proposed for this site. This site is targeted for 40 Low Income affordable housing dwelling units. Sites 7, 8, and 9 (Mixed Use North) These properties are all zoned Mixed Use (MU), which allows for residential uses. These sites were identified for affordable housing in the previous Housing Element. All three of these properties are also privately owned. Site 7 contains an existing wood lot and firewood sales are conducted from the site. Sites 8 and 9 are under the same ownership and are occupied by existing equipment and RV rental businesses.  Environmental Constraints: None  Existing and Planned Infrastructure Capacity: All of the sites are considered infill properties that are surrounded by commercial and residential development. Water and sewer will be extended at the time of construction.  Method used to calculate Realistic Capacity: The capacity assumptions take into account the development standards that have been approved on previousl y built affordable housing projects within the City. As part of this Housing Element Update, these sites are proposed for AHOZs to be applied to allow densities of up to 30 dwelling units per acre. Site 7 is targeted for 10 Moderate Income units. Site 8 is targeted for 30 Moderate Income units. Site 9 is targeted for 21 Moderate Income dwelling units. Site 10 (County Yard) This site is zoned Community Business (CB) which allows mixed use developments with residential uses. This site is owned by the Poway Housing Authority and was formerly used as a public bus yard. It is currently being used as a commercial business and storage yard. The site is located adjacent to single family homes, office uses, a convenience store, and a day care center.  Environmental Constraints: The southern portion of the site is within the 100 year floodway, resulting in a developable net acreage of approximately 2.2 net acres. City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-20  Existing and Planned Infrastructure Capacity: The site is an infill property that is surrounded by development. Water and sewer is provided to the site a nd the site has access off of both a major arterial and collector streets, Pomerado and Oak Knoll Roads.  Method used to calculate Realistic Capacity: The capacity assumptions take into account the development standards that have been approved on previousl y built affordable housing projects within the City. An AHOZ was placed on the site in 2012 allowing up to a maximum of 30 dwelling units per acre. A targeted density range of 24-30 units per acre is proposed for this site. This site is targeted for 54 Very Low Income affordable housing units. Site 11 (Mixed Use North-Tarascan) This site is zoned Mixed Use (MU), which allows for residential uses. This site is owned by City of Poway and currently used as an overflow parking lot for the Poway Community Park. It is located adjacent to single family homes, fast food restaurants, and an equipment rental business.  Environmental Constraints: None  Existing and Planned Infrastructure Capacity: The site is an infill property that is surrounded by development. Water and sewer is provided to the site and the site has its access off Poway Road and Tarascan Drive.  Method used to calculate Realistic Capacity: The capacity assumptions take into account the development standards that have been approved on previousl y built affordable housing projects within the City. As part of this Housing Element Update, this site is proposed for an AHOZ to be applied to allow densities of up to a maximum of 30 dwelling units per acre. A targeted density range of 22-30 units per acre is proposed for this site. This site is targeted for 34 Very Low Income affordable housing units. Sites 12-16 (Mixed Use South) All of these sites, except for Site 16, are zoned Mixed Use (MU), which allows for residential uses. Site 16 is zoned Community Business (CB), which also allows for mixed use, including residential uses. These properties are within the Town Center Plan area. Site 12, 13, 14, and 15, are either owned by the City of Poway or the Poway Housing Authority, while site 16 is privately owned. Site 12 is currently used as a storage facility, while sites 13, 14, and 15 are occupied by office and other professional uses. Site 16 is currently used as an automotive repair center. Site 12 is approximately 1.8 acres. Site 13 is approximately 0.3 acres. Site 14 is approximately 0.3 acres. Site 15 is approximately 0.3 acres. Site 16 is approximately 0.7 acres.  Environmental Constraints: A small portion of the southeast corner of Site 12 is located within the floodway and 100 year floodplain.  Existing and Planned Infrastructure Capacity: These developed sites are located adjacent to the Poway Community Park and other developed commercial properties. The sites are served by water and sewer and have their access off of Poway Road, a prime arterial. City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-21  Method used to calculate Realistic Capacity: The capacity assumptions take into account the development standards that have been approved on previously built affordable housing projects within the City. An AHOZ was placed on Site 14 in 2012 allowing up to 30 dwelling units per acre. As part of this Housing Element Update, all of the other site s are proposed for an AHOZ to be applied to allow densities of up to a maximum of 30 dwelling units per acre. A targeted density range of 20-30 units per acre is proposed for Site 12. Site 12 is targeted for 40 Very Low Income units. Site 13 is targeted for 7 Very Low Income units. Site 14 is targeted for 4 Low Income units. Site 15 is targeted for 9 Very Low Income units. Site 16 is targeted for 10 Moderate Income affordable housing units.  It is anticipated that these parcels will be developed as a mixed use project. Any project approved for these sites will be required to comply with the regulations of the City’s Municipal Code and California Government Code Section 65583.2(h) and 65583.2(i). The project will accommodate the housing need for very low, low and moderate income households. The site, with the application of the AHOZ, will permit owner-occupied and rental multifamily residential uses. To comply with State law, these sites require a minimum density of 20 dwelling units per acre and a minimum of 16 units per site. The AHOZ will permit densities up to 30 units per acre. Sites 13, 14 and 15 will be combined to total 20 affordable units (16 very low income and 4 low income) to ensure compliance with State law. At least 50 percent of the very low and low-income housing need shall be accommodated on sites designated for residential use and for which nonresidential uses or mixed-uses are not permitted Sites 17-24 (Oak Knoll) All of these sites are zoned Residential Single Family (RS-7), which allows for densities of up to 8 dwelling units per acre. The parcels range from approximately 0.5 net acres to 1.5 net acres in size. All of the sites are privately owned by one owner. Sites 17, 18, 19, 20, and 21 are vacant and remain undeveloped, while sites 22, 23, and 24 are occupied by single family homes. The sites are adjacent to commercial uses and residential uses including single family homes, apartments, and vacant parcels.  Environmental Constraints: Site 18 has a small area of riparian habitat upon it, while Site 20 is on a hill with elevations ranging from 462 to 514 feet. A portion of Site 21 is within the 100 year floodplain. To the north of Site 21 is a known archaeological site. A portion of Site 20 contains archaeological resources.  Existing and Planned Infrastructure Capacity: As stated above, Sites 17, 18, 19, 20, and 21 are vacant and remain undeveloped, while sites 22, 23, and 24 are occupied by single family homes. The undeveloped sites are not currently served by water or sewer, while the developed sites are. All of the sites have access off of Oak Knoll Road.  Method used to calculate Realistic Capacity: As part of this Housing Element Update, all of these site s are targeted for an AHOZ to be applied to allow densities of up to 30 dwelling units per acre. Target densities will be 8-12 units per acre to maintain land use compatibility with surrounding densities and the underlying zoning of RS-7. All of the sites are proposed for Moderate Income dwelling units and will have a range of 4 to 12 units each. A total of 77 Moderate Income units are proposed on a total of approximately 9.25 acres. City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-22 Site 25 (Espola at Twin Peaks) This site is zoned Residential Single Family (RS-4). The site is approximately 4.85 acres, however due to an existing floodway/floodplain on the southern portions of the site, approximately 2.2 acres are developable. This site is privately owned and is currently developed as a soccer park. It is located adjacent to a church, gas station, and single family homes.  Environmental Constraints: Slightly more than half of the property is located within the 100 year floodway, as a result approximately 2.2 acres is developable.  Existing and Planned Infrastructure Capacity: The site is a developed property that is surrounded by institutional, commercial and residential development. The site is served by water and sewer and has its access off of Espola Road.  Method used to calculate Realistic Capacity: The capacity assumptions take into account the development standards that have been approved on previousl y built affordable housing projects within the City. As part of this Housing Element Update, this site is proposed for an AHOZ to be applied to allow densities of up to 30 dwelling units per acre. The site is adjacent to another site (Site 2) identified for Moderate Income affordable housing. As the site has an underlying zoning category of RS-4, the Site is targeted for 8-12 dwelling units per acre to maintain land use compatibility with the surrounding neighborhood. This site is targeted for 10 Moderate Income affordable housing units. Site 26 (Midland at Hilleary) This site is zoned Commercial Office (CO), which allows mixed use development including residential uses. The site is 1.0 acre in size. This site is privately owned and is currently developed with office uses. It is located adjacent to retail uses, single family and multi- family homes. The site is considered underutilized for its current land use.  Environmental Constraints: None  Existing and Planning Infrastructure Capacity: The site is a developed property surrounded by commercial development, single-family and multi-family residential uses. The site is served by water and sewer and has its access off of a collector street, Midland Road.  Method used to calculate Realistic Capacity: The capacity assumptions take into account the development standards that have been approved on previousl y built affordable housing projects within the City. As part of this Housing Element Update, this site is proposed for an AHOZ to be applied to allow densities of up to 30 dwelling units per acre. As the site has an underlying zoning category of CO, the site is targeted for 8-12 dwelling units per acre to maintain land use compatibility due to other residential uses adjacent to it. This site is targeted for 9 Moderate Income affordable housing units. City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-23 Site 27 (Orange Gardens) This site is zoned Residential Apartments (RA). As part of the site inventory, this existing project, which contained 55 market -rate apartments, was recently converted to 52 affordable housing units (26 very low Income and 26 Low Income) through an acquisition/rehabilitation program and is eligible for site credits through the Adequate Sites Program Alternative pursuant to Government Code Section 65583.1. Site 28 (Brighton Place) This site is zoned Residential Apartments (RA) and includes two parcels. Both parcels on the site total approximately 4.0 acres. This site was included in the previous Housing Element, however, was not built during the previous RHNA cycle. As part of the site inventory, this project was newly constructed in 2010. The development includes a total of 77 affordable housing dwelling units, which includes 31 Very Low Income units and 46 Low Income units and is eligible for site credits in the new RHNA. Affordable Housing Overlay Zone (AHOZ) As indicated above, an Affordable Housing Overlay Zone (AHOZ) will be placed on the properties in the site inventory to ensure they will develop at the densities identified. An AHOZ for the Low Income category was previously established in the Land Use Element of the General Plan. As part of the previous Housing Element implementation in Program 15, the General Plan and Zoning Code were amended in 2012 to create an AHOZ for the Moderate Income category and to modify the provisions in the Low Income category. This included providing flexible development standards that will allow the densities noted in Table 4-4 of this chapter. Also, Program 17 in the previous Housing Element resulted in an amendment to the General Plan designation and zoning on some publicly-owned sites in 2012. A total of six (6) properties now include an AHOZ. An AHOZ may be applied to property within any land use category, including non-residential categories, but not including the Open Space or Rural Residential categories. The AHOZ for the Moderate Income category is designed to function much like a density bonus through a specific plan. Typically, a specific plan is processed concurrently with all other land use entitlements, so there is no additional processing time. The original amendment to the General Plan and Zoning Code removed the requirement for a specific plan for the Low and Very Low Income category. In order to ensure both the initial and continued affordability of housing constructed under the AHOZs, deed restrictions are required which guarantees that resale prices or rents will not exceed affordable levels and that future residents will have appropriate incomes to correspond with the price or rent restrictions. Application of the AHOZ on existing and future sites will be implemented pursuant to the regulations of the City’s Municipal Code and California Government Code Section 65583.2(h) and 65593.2(i). The City’s General Plan and Municipal Code will be amended to ensure it complies with State Law. Projects using the AHOZ will accommodate 100 percent of the housing need identified for the sites in the Residential Sites Inventory. These sites will also permit owner- occupied and rental multifamily residential uses by right. To comply with State law, these sites require a minimum density of 20 dwelling units per acre and a minimum of 16 units per site. The placement of an AHOZ on these sites will allow a density of up to 30 dwelling units per acre . At least 50 percent of the very low and low-income housing need shall be accommodated on sites designated for residential use and for which nonresidential uses or mixed-uses are not permitted. City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-24 Mixed Use Another technique for increasing the affordability of housing is to allow residential units in addition to commercial development on property zoned commercial. In Poway, there is a Mixed Use District comprising approximately 17 acres and located on Poway Road. Sites 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 and 12-16 in Table 4 -4 are zoned Mixed Use. I n addition to the Mixed Use District, “mixed use development” is allowed with a conditional use permit in the City’s Commercial Office, Community Business, Town Center and Commercial General Districts. All existing commercially zoned property is served by necessary and adequate public facilities and services. Mixed use development can work very well because it makes commercial services more easily accessible to the residents and provides a core of customers for the businesses. I t can be particularly appropriate for affordable housing because the unit yield associated with the housing is more compatible with commercial areas than with many other land uses. In addition, it can reduce the residents’ reliance on automobiles, which can reduce living costs. The properties that allow mixed use development are located on Poway Road in the center of the City. They are located within or adjacent to the City’s Town Center Planning Area that is the subject of a future master planning effort intended to stimulate redevelopment of this area as discussed above. It is anticipated that parcels on the south side of Poway Road (Sites 12-16) will be developed as a mixed use project. Any project approved for these sites will be required to comply with the regulations of the City’s Municipal Code and comply with California Government Code Section 65583.2(h) and 65583.2(i). For the properties that are zoned Mixed Use, it was assumed that 75 percent of the parcel would develop as residential and 25 percent as comm ercial. However, the actual ratio will be determined on a case-by-case basis. A retail/commercial component exceeding 20 to 25 percent of the building square footage or lot area is generally considered not supportable due to the lack of remaining area for developing housing. Therefore, a ratio of 75 percent residential, coupled with 25 percent retail/commercial, is the generally accepted threshold for Mixed Use development in the San Diego region but would not be required. This will require additional analysis and may be determined on a case-by-case basis for individual developments. A zoning ordinance amendment will be processed to include development standards for the mixed use zone and for mixed use development (see Program 16 in Chapter 6). Sites for Above-Moderate Income Housing The above -moderate income remaining RHNA needs will all be accommodated by vacant lower- density single-family sites. The assumed density on each of these sites is at the lower end of the allowable density range for each zone. The density factor for the RR zones shows the permitted densities that were calculated by averaging the RR-A, RR- B and RR-C zones density factor for the steepness of the slopes (0.5 and 0.25 respectively) and the presence of City water on any given lot. 4. Adequacy of Sites to Meet Regional Fair Share Allocation The sites listed in Table 4-4 do not have the capacity to meet the RHNA for very low, low, and moderate income households under existing conditions. These sites will have the capacity to meet the regional housing goal for very low, low, and moderate income households with implementation of the Programs in Chapter 6. The sites in Table 4-4 have the capacity to meet the regional housing goal for above-moderate income households. 5. Suitability of Sites and Availability of Infrastructure All of the sites l isted in Table 4-4 can be provided with water, sewer, drainage, and other facilities City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-25 and services between 2013 and 2020 (See Chapter 3.0, Constraints) and adequate water supply, water filtration capacity, and sewer treatment capacity exists to serve the RHNA through 2020. Currently, City services exist on or can be extended to each site. Public infrastructure improvements required of new developments, impact fees, and planned city improvements of facilities helps ensure that services and facilities are available to both current a nd future residents. Parks, schools, emergency services facilities, and other public facilities are also extended in this manner. C. Financial Resources The City of Poway has access to several federal and local resources to achieve its housing and community development goals. Specific funding sources will be utilized based on the eligibility and requirements of each project or program. As discussed in the Executive Summary of this document, the State Legislature took action to eliminate California redevelopment agencies in June 2011. The City of Poway anticipated the State’s intent to eliminate redevelopment agencies and formed the Poway Housing Authority in 2011. In 2012, the City designated the Poway Housing Authority as successor agency to the former Poway Redevelopment Agency and the recipient of the housing assets and liabilities of t he former redevelopment agency. Redevelopment monies were one of the three main funding sources used to make affordable developments viable statewide. The others are State bond funds and Federal funds administered through the Department of Housing and Urban Development. The City cannot directly apply for Federal housing funds as they are administered through the County of San Diego. Unfortunately, there were no provisions when redevelopment was eliminated to provide ongoing funding for affordable housing. It is anticipated that new avenues for funding economic development and affordable housing will be created and tested in the coming years, but because of the uncertainty of available funds at this time, a conservative approach to affordable housing programs is recommended. 1. Section 8 Tenant-Based Rental Assistance The Housing Choice Voucher Program is funded by HUD and administered by the County of San Diego. According to the County, 167 households in Poway continued to receive Section 8 assistance through the end of 2012. Among these voucher recipients, 151 were small families and 16 were large families. These numbers include 79 elderly individuals. In addition to the County program, Poway Villas, a Project-Based Section 8 program, has 59 households that have Section 8 assistance. 2. Redevelopment Agency Set-Aside Funds As discussed above, the Poway Redevelopment Agency was eliminated in 2011. Prior to elimination of redevelopment agencies, State law required the City of Poway to set aside a minimum of 20 percent of all tax increment revenue for Low and Moderate affordable housing. The set-aside of Lower and Moderate Income Housing Fund was used for activities that increase, improve or preserve the supply of affordable housing. Redevelopment law required that all new or substantially rehabilitated housing units developed or otherwise assisted with the agency’s set aside funds must remain affordable to the targeted income group for at least 55 years for rental and 45 years for ownership housing. Funds from redevelopment were the primary funding source City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-26 for the City to assist in the development of affordable housing. Until new funding resources are identified, availability of funding for new affordable housing projects is unknown. 3. Inclusionary Housing In-Lieu Fund The City of Poway has an Inclusionary Housing Ordinance which requires that 15 percent of all new dwelling units constructed must be affordable to very low income households for multi-family construction, and low income households for single-family construction. Whereas multi-family developments must provide the Inclusionary units as part of each individual development, developers of single-family units may elect to pay an “in-lieu” fee to meet the 15 percent requirement. The In-Lieu Fee collected from single-family developments by the City was reduced in 2009. The City has used these funds for the Supporting Home Ownership in Poway (SHOP) First Time Homebuyer Assistance Program. A total of approximately $618,698 remains in the City’s Inclusionary Housing In-Lieu Fund balance as of January 2013. D. Administrative Resources In past years, several public and private sector organizations have been involved in housing and community development activities in Poway. Organizations that have been involved include, the North County I nterfaith Council, Community Housing Works, San Diego Interfaith Housing Foundation, Wakeland Housing and Development Corporation and Community Housing of North County. These organizations are involved in the improvement of the housing stock, expansion of affordable housing opportunities, preservation of existing affordable housing, and/or provision of housing assistance to households in need. In Poway, the primary agency that administers housing programs is now the D evelopment Services Department, which serves as staff to the Poway Housing Authority. City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-27 E. Opportuni ties for Energy Conservation 1. General Design Standards There are many opportunities for conserving energy in new and existing homes. New buildings, by design, can easily incorporate energy efficient techniques into the construction. According to the Department of Energy, the c oncept of energy efficiency in buildings is the building envelope, which is everything that separates the interior of the building from the outdoor environment: the doors, windows, walls, foundation, roof, and insulation. All the components of the building envelope need to work together to keep a building warm in the winter and cool in the summer. Constructing new homes with energy-conserving features, in addition to retrofitting existing structures, will result in a reduction in monthly utility costs. There are many ways to determine how energy efficient an existing building is and, if needed, what improvements can be made. Examples of energy conservation opportunities include installation of insulation and/or storm windows and doors, use of natural gas instead of electricity, installation, or retrofitting of more efficient appliances and mechanical or solar energy systems, and building design and orientation which incorporates energy conservation considerations. The California Green Building Standards Code (Cal Green), Title 24 of the California Administrative Code, effective in January 2011, establishes energy conservation standards that must be applied to all new residential and commercial buildings. The regulations specify energy saving design for walls, ceilings and floor installations, as well as heating and cooling equipment and systems, gas cooling devices, conservation standards and the use of non-depleting energy sources, such as solar energy or wind power. Compliance with the energy standards is achieved by satisfying certain conservation requirements and an energy budget. Many modern building design methods are used to reduce residential energy consumption and are based on proven techniques. These methods can be categorized in three ways: 1. Building design that keeps natural heat in during the winter and keeps natural heat out during the summer. Such design reduces air conditioning and heating demands. Proven building techniques in this category include:  Location of windows and openings in relation to the path of the sun to minimize solar gain in the summer and maximize solar gain in the winter;  Use of “thermal mass,” earthen materials such as stone, brick, concrete, and tiles that absorb heat during the day and release heat at night;  Use of window coverings, insulation, and other materials to reduce heat exchange between the interior of a home and the exterior;  Location of openings and the use of ventilating devices that take advantage of natural air flow (particularly cool evening breezes);  Use of eaves and overhangs that block direct solar gain through window openings during the summer but allow solar gain during the winter; and  Zone heating and cooling systems, which reduce heating and cooling in the unused areas of a home. City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-28 2. Building orientation that uses natural forces to maintain a comfortable interior temperature. Examples include:  North-south orientation of the long axis of a dwelling;  Minimizing the southern and western exposure of exterior surfaces; and  Location of dwellings to take advantage of natural air circulation and evening breezes.  Use of landscaping features to moderate interior temperatures. Such techniques include:  Use of deciduous shade trees and other plants to protect the home;  Use of natural or artificial flowing water; and  Use of trees and hedges as windbreaks. 3. In addition to natural techniques, a number of modern methods of e nergy conservation have been developed or advanced during the present century. These include:  Use of solar energy to heat water;  Use of radiant barriers on roofs to keep attics cool;  Use of solar panels and other devices to generate electricity;  High efficiency coating on windows to repel summer heat and trap winter warmth;  Weather-stripping and other insulation to reduce heat gain and loss;  Use of natural gas for dryers, stovetops and ranges;  Use of energy efficient home appliances; and  Use of low-flow showerheads and faucet aerators to reduce hot water use. 2. Californi a Building Code Standards for Energy Efficiency The California Energy Code (CEC) (California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 6 is part of the California Building Code (Title 24). It applies to all occupancies that applied for a building permit on or after January 1, 2011, and remains in effect until the next edition is complete and adopted. The CEC covers the following topics:  Requirements for the manufacturing, construction, and installation of systems, equipment, and building components;  Mandatory requirements for space-conditioning and service water- heating systems and equipment;  Mandatory requirements for lighting systems and equipment for nonresidential, high-rise residential, and hotel/motel occupancies;  Performance for prescriptive compliance approaches in non-residential, residential high- rise, and hotel/motel occupancies; City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-29  Additions, alterations, and repairs in non-residential, residential high-rise, and hotel/motel occupancies;  Mandatory features and devices in low-rise residential buildings;  Performance and prescriptive compliance approaches for residential buildings; and  Additions and alterations in existing low-rise residential buildings. 3. State Energy Conservation Programs The California Department of Community Services and Development is partnered with a network of local community service agencies that assist low-income households to administer two energy conservation programs for low income households. These are the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) and the Energy Low-Income Weatherization Assistance Program (DOE-LIWAP). LIHEAP provides financial assistance to low-income households to offset the costs of heating and/or cooling their residences. DOE-LIWAP provides installation and weatherization measures that increase the energy efficiency of residences occupied by low-income persons. 4. SDG&E Residential Energy Conservation Programs SDGE/MAAC Weatherization Program The Metropolitan Area Advisory Committee (MAAC) and San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E) jointly facilitate a weatherization program for residences in the San Diego region. The City Building Division refers homeowners and tenants to this program if their units lack heat or have broken or single pane windows. 2010 California ENERGY STAR® New Homes Program SDG&E administers the California ENERGY STAR® New Homes Program. This is a program intended to encourage builders to construct single family and multi- family dwelling units that use a minimum of 15 percent less energy than the standard design required by the 2010 California Energy Efficiency Standards. EPA also currently uses this same standard of using 15 percent less energy as the new ENERGY STAR® Homes baseline for California. Residential Energy Standards Training SDG&E offers seminars on technologies that result in greater energy efficiency and can reduce the cost of complying with State energy standards. The training program is marketed to architects, designers, builders, energy consultants, engineers, HVAC contractors, building department inspectors, and plans examiners. Lighting Turn-In Program SDG&E’s Lighting Turn-I n Program replaces resident’s incandescent bulbs with more energy- efficient compact fluorescent bulbs (CFLs) for free, as funding is available. Residents can access the program via community events that are held throughout SDG &E’s service area and coordinated through an extensive network of community organizations and government agencies. SDG&E also offers rebates for single-family and multi-family dwelling unit residents for certain improvements in their units that lead to greater energy efficiency. These improvements include City of Poway 4 ▪ Housing Resources DRAFT April 2013 Housing Element Update | Page 4-30 the purchase and installation of energy efficient appliances and the replacement of old light bulbs with Energy Star energy efficient light bulbs. Sustainable Communities Program This program promotes green building design practices in SDG&E’s service area and provides incentives for qualified projects that greatly exceed the 2010 California Energy Efficiency Standards and obtain LEED® certification. This program is voluntary and not required. 5. Energy Efficient Development i n Poway An example of the City’s commitment to encouraging energy efficient development is the Solara apartment development, which opened in 2009. This 56 unit complex is affordable to low and very low income families. The project incorporates energy efficient and onsite renewable energy infrastructure. Solar photovoltaic panels, producing a target of 100% of the project’s annual electricity load, were installed. The project was one of the first in the State of California to implement renewable energy systems at this level. The benefits include stable utility costs over time with the resulting lower utility costs paid by residents providing the ability to set unit rents at a higher level without increasing net housing costs. The design and construction of the project incorporates all five of the traditional green building categories: site location, water efficiency, energy and the atmosphere, materials and resources, and indoor environmental quality.