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2.0/2.1_Chapter 2.0/2.1 - Significant Environmental ImpactsChapter 2.0 Significant Environmental Impacts Section 2.1 Land Use and Planning Chapter 2.0 – Significant Environmental Impacts Espola Road Improvement Project Final EIR 2.1-1 May 2013 2.0 SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 2.1 LAND USE AND PLANNING This section describes existing land uses within the Project study area, identifies adopted land use plans, policies, and regulations applicable to the proposed Project, evaluates potential adverse impacts associated with implementation of the Project, and identifies mitigation measures as appropriate. 2.1.1 Affected Environment Existing Setting and Land Uses While the Project study area contains a variety of land uses, it is dominated by single-family residential dwelling units (see Figure 2.1-1, Existing Land Uses). A total of 69 parcels border the Project corridor where road improvements are proposed: 60 contain single-family residences and a private Montessori school; 7 are vacant, and 2 are owned by the City (one contains a water tank). South of Twin Peaks Road, three parcels abut the road where drainage improvements would be implemented: one contains the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and two are commercially zoned (one is the site of a neighborhood convenience center and the other is a soccer park). The PCPA, an 815-seat professional theater, is located north of the northern terminus of the Project impact footprint adjacent to PHS at the intersection of Titan Way. The Project area is essentially built out and no major developments are proposed for the surrounding area. Although the Project area is highly developed, remnants of native habitat still occur. Southern mixed chaparral occurs in the northeastern Project study area between High Valley Road and Eden Grove among scattered residences and a water tank. Diegan coastal sage scrub occurs in scattered remnant patches throughout the northern Project study area. Non-native grassland also occurs throughout the northern portion of the study area. Southern willow scrub habitat occurs at Rattlesnake Creek at the southern end of the Project study area east of Ezra Lane and a small patch occurs to the south of Del Poniente Road to the west of Espola Road. Southern willow riparian forest occurs on the west side of Espola Road, just south of Del Poniente Road, as well as on either side of Northcrest Lane and along Rattlesnake Creek east of Espola Road (see Section 2.4.1 and Figures 2.4-1a and 2.4-1b). Located approximately 0.7 mile northeast of the Project is the Reserve, an approximately 700-acre natural habitat reserve owned by the state of California and operated by CDFW. The Reserve offers hiking, horseback riding and interpretive trails. Lake Poway Recreational Area, located south of and contiguous with the Reserve, is owned and operated by the City and contains an approximately 50-acre lake and offers fishing, sailing, boating, play areas, picnic grounds and trails. The approximately 400-acre Clyde E. Rexrode Wilderness Area (Wilderness Area) is located east of and contiguous with Lake Poway. Section 2.1 – Land Use and Planning Espola Road Improvement Project Final EIR 2.1-2 May 2013 Land Use and Zoning Designations The City’s Land Use and Zoning Plan (LUZP) map identifies planned land uses within the City. Each land use category corresponds to a zoning category of the same name (Figure 2.1-2, General Plan Land Use and Zoning Designations). Land use and zoning designations in or near the Project study area include: Planned Residential Development; Public Facility; Rural Residential B; Rural Residential C; Residential Single-Family 2; Residential Single-Family 4; Open Space – Recreation; and Open Space – Resource Management (City 1991a). The Reserve is designated as Open Space – Resource Management, while nearby Lake Poway is designated as Open Space – Recreation. Both PHS and the PCPA are designated as Public Facility. Relevant Plans, Ordinances and Policies This section discusses relevant goals and policies of plans governing the Project study area. City of Poway General Plan The City of Poway General Plan (1991a, as amended) sets forth goals, policies, strategies, principles, and standards that comprise a comprehensive, unified program for physical development within the City. The policies and strategies contained in the General Plan are intended to guide the City’s officials and staff in decisions concerning the use of land, as well as a wide range of issues relevant to growth and development within the City and generally are explained in detail in the varying Master Elements. For noise, however, the City also provides the following guidelines to facilitate implementation of noise abatement measures for residential areas next to existing arterials: 1. When improvements to arterials are constructed in developed areas where the existing noise level is below 60 dB CNEL, noise levels will be mitigated to 60 dB CNEL provided a noise attenuation wall does not exceed eight feet. If the proposed noise attenuation wall exceeds eight feet, the City will strive to reduce noise to the best practical level. 2. In areas where the existing noise level exceeds 65 dB CNEL, the noise level will be mitigated to 65 dB CNEL. Although not specifically stated in the City’s General Plan, the City also will strive to reduce noise levels to 60 dB CNEL in areas where the existing noise level is between 60 and 65 dB CNEL. In identifying noise impacts, primary consideration is given to exterior areas of frequent human use. The noise abatement criteria for outdoor noise exposure typically are applied at the backyards of single-family homes. Additional adopted and relevant planning goals, strategies, and policies are summarized below. # # # # # # # # Titan Way Northcrest Lane Del Poniente Road H i g h V a l l e y R o a d Mountain Road Es p o l a R o a d Study Area Boundary Ezra Lane Single Family Residential Single Family Residential Golden Sunset Lane Single Family Residential Poway Center for the Performing Arts Poway High School City Biological Easement Area Montessori School Middle School Church of Latter Day Saints Commercial Strip Soccer Park Rattlesnake Creek Twin Peaks Road Image Source: Landiscor, 2002 Job No: BAH-01 Date: 04/15/05-JP 4 ESPOLA ROAD IMPROVEMENT PROJECT Existing Land Uses Figure 2.1-1 6000600300 Feet I:\Gis\B\BAH-01Espola Rd\Map\EIR\Fig2-1-1_ExistLandUse.mxd -RB !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 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Study AreaBoundary RR-C RR-C RR-A RR-B RR-B2 RR-C RS-4 RS-2 PRD PF RR-CRS-2 PF PFRR-A RR-A RS-2 RS-2 RR-A RS-7 PF RR-C CN PRD RS-4 Northcrest Lane Del Poniente Road H i g h V a l l e y R o a d Twin Peaks Road Golden Sunset Lane Job No: BAH-01 Date: 12/11/08 4 ESPOLA ROAD IMPROVEMENT PROJECT General Plan Land Use and Zoning Designations Figure 2.1-2 1,200 0 1,200600Feet I:\Gis\B\BAH-01Espola Rd\Map\EIR\Fig2-1-2_GPLandUse_Zoning.mxd -RB Legend RR-ARR-B RR-CRR-B2 RS-2 RS-4 PRD CN PF Study Area Rural Residential ARural Residential BRural Residential B2 Rural Residential CResidential Single Family 2Residential Single Family 4Planned ResidentialNeighborhoodCommercialNeighborhoodPublic Facilities Parcels B2 High Valley - See land useelement and development code !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Section 2.1 – Land Use and Planning Espola Road Improvement Project Final EIR 2.1-3 May 2013 Community Development Master Element Land use policy in Poway is guided by stated City ideals, including (among others) preservation of open space, maintenance of a rural character and compatibility of adjacent uses. The Community Development Master Element of the General Plan ensures the organization of the City into a functional, aesthetic pattern and establishes design policies to provide an attractive environment that preserves the unique character of the community. The Community Development Master Element contains several elements, including the Land Use Element, Community Design Element, and Energy Conservation Element. The Community Development Master Element incorporates two City goals particularly relevant to the proposed Project. Goal I states: It is the Goal of the City of Poway to preserve Poway’s unique and desirable character as a “City in the country” and to maintain high quality design and environmental standards in all new development and redevelopment (emphasis added). Supporting policies include a streetscape policy (A; an attractive streetscape which reflects the rural, small town character of the City) with three specific strategies to accomplish it:  Encourage an aesthetic roadway that integrates street hardware, signs, lighting, landscaping and pedestrian access  Screening such as solid walls or fencing should principally serve as a device to restrict visual and acoustical impacts but should also be designed to enhance the streetscape  All utilities except electrical lines carrying more than 345 kV should be located underground Specific to noise, Policy H – Walls and Fencing, states that walls and fencing should be provided where necessary to ensure privacy or provide noise attenuation. Along arterial roadways, and relevant to redevelopment of an existing area while minimizing encroachment into private parcels, Strategy 4 notes:  The monotony of long walls shall be broken by the installation of pilasters or the periodic recessing of sections of the wall  Walls which enclose the rear or side yard of a dwelling shall be a minimum of six feet and maximum of eight feet in height as measured from the highest finished grade  Walls which do not enclose a rear or side yard may be between three and six feet in height  All walls and fences which are adjacent to arterial roadways shall be enhanced by pilasters or offsets and landscaping shall be provided to soften the visual impact Section 2.1 – Land Use and Planning Espola Road Improvement Project Final EIR 2.1-4 May 2013 The Community Development Master Element also cites Goal II: It is the Goal of the City of Poway to provide for an orderly balance of both public and private land uses in convenient and compatible locations throughout the City and to ensure that all such uses serve to protect and enhance the environment, character, and image of the City.  Policy C – Land Use and Transportation, states: Ensure that the City’s transportation system does not become overburdened. Transportation Master Element The primary purpose of the TME is to set forth goals, policies and strategies promoting effective use of existing transportation facilities and the development of new facilities in order to achieve the safe and efficient movement of people, while protecting and managing the natural and economic resources of the City. The TME includes the Roadways Element, Scenic Roadways Element, Public Transit Element, Bicycle Element, and Pedestrian Element. Goal II and Policy C – Land Use and Transportation, are reiterated in the TME. The Roadway Element in the TME classifies Espola Road as a three-lane specific arterial, with a design threshold capacity of 24,000 ADT (City 2010). This specific arterial is shown with one 12-foot wide north- and southbound through lane each, and one 12-foot wide two-way left-turn lane in the roadway center, as well as two 8-foot wide bike lanes. The Scenic Roadways Element states that Espola Road is a San Diego County-designated Scenic Highway and a Local Scenic Roadway. The road is noted as typifying Poway’s rural image. North and south of the Project area, there are several open space areas along Espola Road that have significant scenic and aesthetic value because of significant oak and eucalyptus tree stands and grasslands, as well as vistas of Mount Woodson and Iron Mountain. As alluded to above, Espola Road also is the entrance to the City’s most significant parkland area, the combined Lake Poway, Wilderness Area and Reserve. Public transit, provided by MTS, is available throughout the City. Espola Road is shown in the Public Transit Element as an existing Transit Route. The Bicycle Element states that eight-foot wide Class II bicycle lanes are designated on Espola Road from the western City limits to Poway Road. Existing bike lanes along Espola Road are five feet in width. Bike lanes enhance the safety and convenience of cyclists using the street system by defining a space on the road specifically for bicycle use. A Class II bike lane is an on-street facility designated by a solid white line along the right-hand side of the road designed for one-way travel in the direction of motor vehicle traffic flow. Goal VI addresses each of the above goals, stating, “It is the Goal of the City of Poway to provide a safe, realistic, efficient, and integrated transportation system to serve the present and Section 2.1 – Land Use and Planning Espola Road Improvement Project Final EIR 2.1-5 May 2013 future mobility needs of all the residents of Poway.” Policies of Goal VI that are relevant to the Project include:  Policy A – Streets: A safe and reliable system of streets, which together with appropriate Traffic Demand Management and Traffic Systems Management techniques will allow the roadway system to maintain its design capacity threshold. Roadways should be designed in a safe and reliable manner to meet the needs of the residents of the community without detracting from the rural setting of Poway.  Policy B – Scenic Roadways: Continue to identify, designate, and preserve local scenic roadways.  Policy C – Public Transit: The use of public transit as a viable alternative to the automobile should be encouraged.  Policy D – Bicycles: The use of bicycles for transportation and recreation is strongly encouraged.  Policy E – Trails: Develop an inter-linking network of trails that connect parks, residential, commercial and government areas with each other and integrate with the regional trail network should be developed.  Policy F – Pedestrian Routes: A system of sidewalks, rural walkways, and pathways should be created to promote the safe and efficient movement of pedestrian travel throughout the City. Resources Master Element Poway, as a foothill community, contains canyons, creeks, channels, grasslands and mountains. The Resources Master Element contains provisions to conserve and manage the City’s natural resources and to ensure that development of the City does not interfere with the intrinsic value of these resources. The Resources Master Element contains a Natural Resources Element (divided into Land Resources, Water Resources, Air Quality, Biological Resources, Open Space, and Action Program) and a Prehistoric and Historic Resources Element. Goal IV of the Resources Master Element states: “It is the Goal of the City of Poway to preserve its natural, scenic, and cultural resources for the future benefit and enjoyment of its residents and to protect biological and ecological diversity.” Applicable policies of Goal IV include:  Policy A – Scenic Areas: Scenic areas, prominent vistas, and open space areas that typify Poway’s rural history and image should be preserved and protected through appropriate land use policies.  Policy C – Biological Resources: Wildlife and natural plants are a valuable natural resource and should be preserved and protected.  Policy D – Archaeological Sites: Archaeological resources are an important part of our heritage and should be preserved and protected.  Policy E – Historical Sites: The historical structures which remain in Poway contribute significantly to the rural small town character of the community and should be protected. Section 2.1 – Land Use and Planning Espola Road Improvement Project Final EIR 2.1-6 May 2013 Public Safety Master Element The Public Safety Master Element contains provisions to ensure and promote effective use of City services to protect human life and property from natural and human-made hazards. It also provides for the identification of hazardous conditions and goals, policies and strategies to increase public health and safety surrounding those hazards. The Public Safety Master Element contains an Emergency Services Element and a Hazard Management Element (containing a discussion of Seismic Hazards and Noise Hazards, among others). The major objective of the Noise Hazards section is to encourage noise-compatible land uses. Noise sensitive land uses (or sensitive receptors) are land uses associated with indoor and/or outdoor human activities that may be subject to stress and/or significant interference from noise. These include residential units; transient lodgings; hospitals, nursing homes, convalescent hospitals and other facilities for long-term medical care; and public or private educational facilities, libraries, churches and other places of public gathering. In Poway, traffic movement on the City’s arterial streets is the predominant cause of noise. As a result, traffic affects the noise environment of land uses adjacent to the City’s roadway system. The primary existing land uses along the Project footprint includes sensitive receptors consisting of residential areas, a church and a school. The General Plan used federal exterior noise acceptability criteria for housing in determining adverse impact thresholds (U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development [HUD] 1980). A “normally unacceptable” noise exposure was determined to be a day-night average sound level (Ldn) of 65 decibels (dB). Barriers may be necessary between these sites and the prominent noise sources to make the outdoor environment acceptable, and special building construction may be necessary to ensure occupants are protected from outdoor noise. The General Plan presented worst-case noise influence areas, showing existing conditions and recommended noise contours (which indicate a constant or equal level of noise exposure from a noise source). Table VII-4 of the Public Safety Master Element indicated that under then-current (1991) conditions, the decibel level was 65 dB at 59 feet from the roadway centerline of Espola Road between Lake Poway and Twin Peaks Road. This issue is addressed in detail in Section 2.3, Noise, of this EIR. The Public Safety Master Element also addresses the provision of a safe and healthy environment for the residents of the City. A relevant policy of Goal VII for the Espola Road improvements includes:  Policy H – Noise: Ensure a safe and pleasant acoustical environment for the residents of Poway. Strategy 6 under this policy states that increases in traffic noise caused solely by roadway improvements shall be mitigated to future levels which would have occurred without the improvement. Section 2.1 – Land Use and Planning Espola Road Improvement Project Final EIR 2.1-7 May 2013 Strategy 8 states that noise protection walls may be limited to the height of eight feet even when a taller wall may be needed to achieve Noise Element standards if a taller one is deemed to be aesthetically degrading to the environment. Poway Subarea Habitat Conservation Plan The Poway Subarea Habitat Conservation Plan/Natural Communities Conservation Plan (HCP) serves two general functions: (1) to create a sustainable, interconnected network of habitat preserves throughout (and ultimately beyond) the City and thus maintain functioning ecosystems and viable populations of biological resources; and (2) to mitigate adverse impacts to biological resources from building the Scripps Poway Parkway Extension and implementing the City General Plan and City Redevelopment Plan. Preparation and implementation of this City-wide HCP is necessary to allow for the incidental take of listed species by public and private projects that rely upon the City’s Incidental Take/Management Authorization Permit. The Poway Subarea HCP fulfills requirements pursuant to Section 10(a) of the federal Endangered Species Act (ESA); Sections 2081 and 2835 of the State Fish and Game Code and the state ESA; and the State of California’s Natural Community Conservation Planning (NCCP) Act of 1991. It also is consistent with the regional and subregional planning efforts within San Diego County pursuant to the NCCP Act. Collectively, these laws and planning efforts require protection and management of sufficient interconnected habitat areas to support listed species—or “target” species that serve as indicators of ecosystem health—in exchange for allowing limited “take” of the species or its habitat. Incidental take may occur during otherwise lawful endeavors, such as development allowed under a community’s adopted General Plan (City 1996). City of Poway Municipal Code Noise Abatement and Control PMC Title 8, Health and Safety, Chapter 8.08, Noise Abatement and Control, Section 8.08.100 – Construction Equipment states: No such equipment, or combination of equipment regardless of age or date of acquisition, shall be operated so as to cause noise at a level in excess of 75 dB for more than 8 hours during any 24-hour period when measured at or within the property lines of any property which is developed and used either in part or in whole for residential purposes. Section 17.08 (Residential Zones) 240 (Walls and Fencing) includes: B. A solid wall or fence not more than six feet in height may be maintained along the interior side of rear lot lines, except as required by PMC 17.08.220(A); provided, that such wall or fence does not extend into a required front yard except for noise attenuation as required by the City and as provided in this chapter. Section 2.1 – Land Use and Planning Espola Road Improvement Project Final EIR 2.1-8 May 2013 E. A wall or fence up to eight feet in height may be allowed by the Director of Development Services where necessary for noise attenuation from arterial streets or other noise sources. Urban Forestry Ordinance The City Tree Removal Ordinance (PMC Title 12, Chapter 12.32 Urban Forestry, Section 12.32.110 Tree Removal Permit) states: The Director of Public Services, in cooperation with the Director of Development Services, shall administer the City’s tree removal permit program for trees growing on public property and trees growing on public rights-of-way. No person, including the City, shall remove a public tree or a tree growing on a public right-of-way without first obtaining a tree removal permit issued by the Director of Public Services or his/her designee. The City shall notify the adjoining property owner and occupant ten days prior to the removal of a tree within the public right-of-way on classified residential streets. The tree removal permit authorizing the removal of a specific tree on public property or on a public right-of-way shall be subject to terms and conditions deemed appropriate by the Director of Public Services or his/her designee. The Director of Public Services shall review each tree removal permit application and make a recommendation as to whether the permit shall be issued or denied. The Director of Development Services is responsible for tree removal permit record keeping. The City would implement this ordinance for removal of native trees (as defined in the ordinance) with a specified diameter at breast height, potentially including oaks and sycamores. 2.1.2 Thresholds of Significance The Project would result in significant impacts to land use if it would:  Physically divide an established community  Conflict with any applicable land use plan, policy, or regulation of an agency with jurisdiction over the Project adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect  Conflict with any applicable habitat conservation plan or natural community conservation plan 2.1.3 Impacts Permanent Impacts The Project was reviewed to determine whether it physically divides an established community; consistency with local plans and policies also is discussed. Section 2.1 – Land Use and Planning Espola Road Improvement Project Final EIR 2.1-9 May 2013 Physical Division of an Established Community The proposed roadway improvements associated with the Project would not physically divide an established community. Espola Road is an existing two-to-four lane road in the study area. The subject roadway is heavily traveled, and pedestrian crossing is difficult without controlled crossings. It is not expected that area residents routinely cross the road between intersections. In addition, there are no necessary community services (a post office, grocery store, etc.) to which access would be blocked as a result of Project implementation. Rather, all existing Espola Road crossings would be maintained or upgraded, and the proposed street lighting improvements and pedestrian/bikeway improvements would improve accessibility in the area. Accordingly, the Project would not physically divide an established community, and no significant impact is assessed. The Project may have a beneficial effect with regard to this topic. Conflict with Applicable Land Use Plans, Policies or Regulations The transportation improvements associated with the Project would be consistent with many of the goals and policies contained in the City General Plan (including the TME) and enumerated in Section 2.1.1, above. Implementation of the proposed improvements associated with the Project would involve widening Espola Road to three-lane standards, including sidewalks, bike lanes, and no on-street parking, consistent with the designation of the roadway in the TME. The TME also calls for ensuring that the City’s transportation system does not become overburdened. Policy A of Goal VI calls for design and construction of a street system that will operate at the design capacity threshold (equivalent to LOS D). In the near-term, improvements associated with the Project would maintain the design capacity threshold for all road segments other than between Golden Sunset Lane/Durhullen Drive and Twin Peaks Road (which is currently operating at LOS F) to High Valley Road. All intersections also would meet these objectives except for the intersection of Espola Road and Twin Peaks Road, which would operate at LOS D in the a.m. peak hour (see Section 3.1.1 of this EIR). In the long term (2030), all roadway segments would meet the objectives of Policy A. All intersections also would meet the objectives of Policy A, except for the intersection of Espola Road and Twin Peaks Road during the a.m. peak hour, similar to the near term noted above. These LOS exceptions would, however, meet the City’s acceptable LOS for peak hour intersection operations, which is LOS D (see Section 3.1.1 of this EIR). The improvement to LOS A through D for intersections within the Project alignment is a notable change from existing conditions, which range from LOS B through F. The policy also calls for a design that would meet the needs of the residents of the community without detracting from the rural setting of Poway (see Section 2.2 of this document for a detailed discussion of aesthetics). The Project alignment is largely built out and suburban in nature. Project design elements, such as undergrounding of currently overhead utilities, as well as implementation of a Project-wide landscape plan, would neutralize potentially adverse effects associated with hardscape widening and removal of existing vegetation. No inconsistency with Section 2.1 – Land Use and Planning Espola Road Improvement Project Final EIR 2.1-10 May 2013 stated City goals is assessed for those elements. (See, however, the discussion of noise and retaining walls, below.) Policy B of Goal VI of the TME calls for the continued identification, designation, and preservation of local scenic roadways. Espola Road was designated a Scenic Roadway by the City due to available long-range vistas of Mount Woodson and Iron Mountain, aesthetic open space areas along the roadway and its proximity to the combined Lake Poway/ Wilderness Area and the Reserve. The segment of Espola Road potentially affected by the Project would not adversely affect the visual elements. Improvements associated with the Project would not affect parkland or adversely impact views of either Mount Woodson or Iron Mountain (neither is visible from the Project footprint). The aesthetic open space areas along Espola Road generally located south of Rattlesnake Creek would not be encroached upon by the proposed Project. In addition, publicly maintained streetscape planting would provide a consistent visual element along Espola Road, adding to the identity of this roadway. Accordingly, the Project would be consistent with this policy. Policy C of Goal VI of the TME calls for the use of public transit as a viable alternative to the automobile. The Project would provide for continued transit service along the Project alignment. MTS would continue to provide regularly scheduled school support bus service on Espola Road via the Route 844 Poway Loop. The Project could accommodate additional public transportation options should MTS wish to implement them. The Project would be consistent with this policy. Policies D, E and F of Goal VI of the TME call for the use of bicycles for transportation and recreation (Policy D); an interlinking of trails connecting park, residential, commercial and governmental areas (Policy E); and a system of sidewalks, rural walkways and pathways promoting the safe and efficient movement of pedestrian travel throughout the City (Policy F). The Project proposes improved bicycle lanes and new sidewalks along the roadway. The Project would allow pedestrians on Espola Road to safely access the existing trail system at Twin Peaks Road and Del Poniente Road via the proposed sidewalks and bike lanes. The Project would be consistent with these policies. In summary, with the exception of roadway noise attenuation discussed below, Project improvements would be consistent with each of the City’s above-cited applicable land use goals and policies. As indicated in Section 2.1.1, above, a number of General Plan Master Elements identify standards for sound attenuation. The City has set a goal of attenuating to the strictest standard identified (see page 2.1-2 of this section) in order to maximize benefits from quieting road noise for abutting property owners. A number of the cited goals combine the need for sound abatement with a concern for visual effects, demonstrated by restricting walls to eight feet in height. The Public Safety Master Element (Strategy 8) provides a potential caveat where it specifically notes that “noise protection walls may be limited to the height of eight feet even when a taller wall may be needed to achieve Noise Element standards if a taller one is deemed to be aesthetically degrading to the environment.” For Espola Road noise abatement, therefore, there are two standards to be reviewed for consistency: (1) attenuation of noise, and (2) visual effects related to that attenuation. Section 2.1 – Land Use and Planning Espola Road Improvement Project Final EIR 2.1-11 May 2013 Policy H of Goal VII of the Public Safety Master Element focuses on provision of a safe and pleasant acoustical environment for City residents. Certain residential properties along Espola Road would, in the year 2030, experience potential adverse noise effects due to existing or projected traffic volumes (see Section 2.3, Table 2.3-3). Implementation of the mitigation measures recommended in Section 2.3, Noise, of this EIR could reduce these potential impacts to less than significant levels. Although mitigation to address noise impacts is identified in Section 2.3, all walls may not be implemented following final modeling and design, or because a property owner rejects the wall. As a result, a significant potential impact to non-conformance with City policy related to abatement is identified. As noted above, these policies also provide potential sound wall height limitations. The recommended height limit is eight feet. (The yards for which attenuation is proposed are indeed back yards, or primary recreational use areas associated with the homes [i.e., generally “back yard uses”], and they all abut the Espola Road arterial.) Walls have been preliminarily identified in two locations, however, that would exceed the eight-foot maximum height (Wall B1-N is preliminarily modeled at nine feet and Wall B2 is preliminarily modeled at eight and one-half feet). As noted in Strategy 8, one underlying issue is aesthetics concerns associated with exceeding an eight-foot height. These two walls shield a total of three yards. Wall B1-N would be sited immediately south of Los Nietos Avenue, while Wall B2 would be sited immediately north of Los Nietos. The increase of up to one foot in height of vegetatively screened wall (see Section 2.2.3 regarding Project landscaping), edging these few parcels, and visually interrupted by the break for Los Nietos Avenue, is not assessed as resulting in aesthetic degradation. The differences in height of abutting wall sections would provide a small level of visual variety, which in final landscaped condition would appear more individualistic, and in keeping with retention of some levels of rural variation. Regardless, other policies cited above do not have the same caveat on wall height, eliminating relevance of visual effect from the issue of policy conformance. Those policies simply provide a maximum acceptable height, which is exceeded by the Project-recommended sound walls. In addition, as noted in Section 2.3, Noise, some modification in final wall extent and/or height could result during final design/modeling. Given their intermittent and isolated nature, as well as vegetative cover, the City’s interest in providing a quieter noise environment for a few parcels abutting Espola Road is weighted more heavily than restricting sound walls to a specific height level (i.e., property owners agreeing to an approved noise wall over eight feet in height would receive that wall). A conservative assessment of a significant impact related to inconsistency with land use policy restricting walls to eight-feet in height is therefore identified. Conflict with Applicable Habitat Conservation or Natural Community Conservation Plans The Project would not conflict with Goal VII of the Resources Master Element and the supporting applicable policies to ensure that prominent vistas and open spaces, as well as wildlife and natural plants, are preserved and protected. Biological impacts (see Section 2.4) are minimal, with any required mitigation fully consistent with the City Subarea HCP. Improvements associated with the Project would not affect parkland or adversely impact views of major topographic features (Mount Woodson and Iron Mountain are not visible from the Section 2.1 – Land Use and Planning Espola Road Improvement Project Final EIR 2.1-12 May 2013 Project). Also, no noteworthy known archaeological or historical resources exist within the study area (refer to Section 2.5). As indicated above, the Project would be consistent with the Poway Subarea HCP. The HCP provides the take authority for identified listed species under Section 10(a) of the ESA from USFWS and a 2081 Management Authorization from CDFW. These authorizations are required to implement the Poway Redevelopment Plan, the City’s Capital Improvement Program (CIP) and any other public projects planned by the City or potentially proposed in the future. The Project is covered by the HCP as a public project under “Projects Outside Mitigation Area.” The Project would be consistent with the City’s applicable Resources Master Element and Subarea HCP. Temporary Impacts Construction of the Project is anticipated to be completed in a single stage, over approximately 12 months. Construction activities would generally occur within the roadway right-of-way, as well as within the staging area. Heavy construction equipment would operate between the hours of 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. Monday through Saturday (excluding holidays), in accordance with the City’s Municipal Code, Title 8, Public Health and Safety, Chapter 8.08 – Noise Abatement and Control. See Chapter 1.0 for additional detail related to maintenance of through traffic, property access and bike lane/pathway use. Physical Division of an Established Community It is expected that construction activities would result in temporary impacts to the community in the form of traffic delays and/or limited or no access to existing homes, schools or businesses without construction control and/or mitigation measures. As described in Chapter 1.0, there are construction control measures included in the Project design that would minimize these effects. The Project construction program would include a traffic control plan to minimize interruptions of existing traffic patterns and avoid related safety hazards during construction. Specific elements of the plan may include the use of traffic flaggers and temporary restriping to maintain through traffic, barriers (e.g., cones), and signs to direct traffic movements and reduce speed limits in construction zones. Emergency access to existing homes or other establishments would be maintained during construction by creating temporary driveways and/or providing alternate access points within the Project footprint. Although any deviation from normal conditions is understandably irritating to local community members during construction activities, the short periods of time that active construction activities would be located in any one location, combined with maintenance of access/emergency response, would not result in a significant land use inconsistency. Conflict with Land Use Plans, Policies or Regulations The MTS would continue to provide regularly scheduled bus service on Espola Road through the 844 Poway Loop during Project construction. Therefore, implementation of the Project would not conflict with public transit policies identified in the TME. Section 2.1 – Land Use and Planning Espola Road Improvement Project Final EIR 2.1-13 May 2013 As noted above, as part of Project design, Project grading and construction activities would comply with the City’s Noise Abatement and Control Municipal Code (Title 8, Health and Safety, Chapter 8.08, Noise Abatement and Control, Section 8.08.100 – Construction Equipment), and would, therefore, be consistent with this section of the PMC. The Project also would be consistent with Section 16.44.140 of the PMC limiting the hours of grading and clearing operations. A small number of native trees (including oaks and potentially including sycamores) may be removed from public right-of-way during implementation of the Project. The Project design proposes a planting plan to replace trees that would be consistent with the City’s Urban Forestry Ordinance (PMC Title 12, Chapter 12.32 Urban Forestry, Section 12.32.110 – Tree Removal Permit), however, and no inconsistency is assessed. The reader is also referred to Section 2.2 of this document for additional discussion of the visual effect of tree removal. 2.1.4 Mitigation Measures Mitigation measures related to noise, which are found in Section 2.3.4, would be implemented. (The reader is referred to this section for specifics.) Potential adverse impacts to land use policy consistency could be adequately mitigated through implementation of these measures and no additional mitigation would be required. Nonetheless, a conservative finding is made relative to policy conformance for two sound wall issues. All sound walls may not be constructed, for reasons indicated in Section 2.1.3 and detailed in Section 2.3.4 of this EIR. Alternatively, all recommended sound walls may be built, and an inconsistency could occur with regard to wall height. An amendment to the relevant policies generally would be the mitigation for a land use planning inconsistency. There is no intent, however, to amend policies that cover the City as a whole for these very isolated potential occurrences, which would affect limited locations on an approximately one-mile stretch of one specific arterial. As a result, a conservative assessment of limited significant and unmitigated impact is made relative to sound wall efficacy and height policies. Section 2.1 – Land Use and Planning Espola Road Improvement Project Final EIR 2.1-14 May 2013 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK